Pedal-equipped motorized bicycles require obtaining a license plate.

Pedal-equipped motorized bicycles are not "bicycles" but "motorbikes"

Pedal-equipped motorized bicycles (commonly called mopeds) are classified not as light vehicles (bicycles) under the Road Traffic Act, but as general motorized bicycles or automobiles (motorbikes).

Those who own pedal-equipped motorized bicycles must promptly file a tax declaration, receive the issuance of a license plate, and comply with the Road Traffic Act and other related laws while riding.

What is a pedal-equipped motorized bicycle?

A pedal-equipped motorized bicycle is a bicycle equipped with both pedals and a motor, featuring a function (such as a throttle) that allows it to run solely on motor power without pedaling, and can be operated either by electric power alone or by human power alone.

Even when traveling using only pedals without using the motor, traffic rules for general motorized bicycles or automobiles apply.

Difference from Electric Assist Bicycles

Electric assist bicycles, which assist pedaling power electrically, are classified as light vehicles (bicycles) under the Road Traffic Act and are therefore not subject to the light vehicle tax.

Requirements for Riding on Public Roads

Since pedal-equipped motorized bicycles are subject to traffic rules applicable to general motorized bicycles, the following are required to ride on public roads.

• Possession of a Driver's License
• Wearing a Helmet
• Equipped with Brake Lights, Turn Signals, Rearview Mirrors, etc.
• Attachment and Display of Number Plates
• Subscription to Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (Mutual Aid)

For details on traffic rules, please refer to the leaflet below or the Metropolitan Police Department website.

• Leaflet on Pedal-Equipped Motorized Bicycles, etc. (Created by the National Police Agency) (PDF 950.4 KB)
• About the Differences Between "Electric Assist Bicycles" and "Pedal-Equipped Electric Motorbikes" (External Link)

Procedures for Number Plate Issuance (Tax Declaration)

Owners of pedal-equipped motorized bicycles must complete the number plate issuance procedure (tax declaration procedure) within 15 days from the date of acquisition.

For vehicles with an engine displacement of 125cc or less or a rated output of 1.0kw or less, procedures are handled at City Hall.

For vehicles exceeding 125cc or 1.0kw, please complete the procedures at the Tokyo Transport Bureau Tama Vehicle Inspection and Registration Office.